The enduring effects of the Black Summer bushfires on Australia’s emergency volunteers have brought to light substantial mental health issues among first responders, many of whom faced life-threatening situations while battling the fires. This groundbreaking study also highlights concerns regarding the effectiveness of community and workplace mental health support systems.
The “After the Fires” report represents a nationwide investigation into the well-being and resilience of Australia’s emergency services personnel, with two survey waves conducted one and two years after the fires. More than 4,000 personnel, comprising over 2,000 volunteers, from fire and rescue, rural fire, and SES agencies across the country participated in the surveys.
The report’s most striking findings indicate that 25% of employees and 31% of volunteers felt their lives were in jeopardy during the Black Summer Bushfires, and the rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among responders is twice as high as the general population.
Professor David Lawrence, the lead author of “After the Fires” from Curtin’s School of Population Health, emphasized the significance of these findings, particularly given that volunteers are expected to continue playing a critical role in responding to major bushfires in the foreseeable future.
The study noted that the impact on mental health was consistent among both men and women. While volunteers are generally older, the findings showed that both genders were equally susceptible to the effects of their experiences during the fires, including probable PTSD, high psychological distress, and suicidal behaviors.
Demographic factors played a role, with personnel who had previously encountered traumatic events during their emergency services work and those with lower levels of social support being at higher risk. The study concluded that the rates of probable PTSD and suicidal ideation among personnel responding to the bushfires were approximately twice as high as those in the general population.
This report raises concerns about the efficacy of mental health campaigns and treatment in regions of Australia with a large number of first responders who remain reluctant to seek support. While some progress has been made in reducing the stigma surrounding mental health, there is still much work to be done.
Professor Lawrence remarked, “One of the issues underlying stigma in the emergency services sector is people’s concerns that if they talk about emotional issues, it will negatively impact their work or volunteer responsibilities, potentially affecting their ability to undertake operational roles or continue working. Unfortunately, many examples exist of individuals who have suffered as a result of their mental health issues.”
He added, “Until people see others discussing and recovering from mental health issues and being fully supported by their agencies, this stigma is likely to persist.” The report underlines the urgent need for enhanced mental health support for first responders and emphasizes the importance of addressing the emotional well-being of those who selflessly serve their communities during crises.
